Pareve and dairy markings
The letters beside a kosher symbol say whether a product counts as dairy, meat or pareve (neither), and whether it is kosher for Passover.
How to read it
Kosher law keeps meat and dairy apart, so certifiers mark which a product is. OU Kosher labels dairy items OU-D or OU Dairy and meat items OU Meat; an OU with no suffix can be assumed to be pareve. Pareve means the food contains no meat or dairy and was not processed with heat on meat or dairy equipment, and pareve foods may be eaten with either. OK Kosher lists eggs, fish, fruit, vegetables, grains, pasta, soft drinks, coffee and tea among common pareve foods.
Also searched as: dairy kosher, OU-D, pareve, parve.
A D can mean dairy equipment
OU Kosher uses it for products with a dairy ingredient or derivative, and also for products made on equipment used for dairy, so the product itself may contain no milk.
Non-dairy and dairy together
OU Kosher notes that many non-dairy creamers are dairy in kosher terms and carry an OU-D: US rules require the words “non-dairy” on creamers that use milk derivatives instead of whole milk. In kosher law, even a trace amount of dairy can make a food dairy.
P means Passover
OU-P marks a product that is kosher for Passover, and pareve as well. The P does not stand for pareve.
Read next
- Next in Certification marksHalal certification marksA halal mark says a certifier has checked that a food or product meets Islamic dietary law.
- The same shape in Notable US coins1955 doubled die pennyA 1955 Lincoln wheat cent struck at Philadelphia from a doubled die, so the date, LIBERTY and IN GOD WE TRUST on the front all show twice, slightly offset.
More certification marks
The same shape elsewhere
Browse symbols drawn with circles or letters and numbers.
Sources
- Kosher Food: The Kosher Primer, OU Kosher, Orthodox Union
- All OU Symbols Explained, Rabbi Chaim Goldberg, OU Kosher, Orthodox Union
- Kosher Basics – Meat, Dairy and Pareve, 16 March 2023, OK Kosher Certification
Researched, edited and approved by Rory Hansen before publishing. Last reviewed September 30, 2026. How we research
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